There is plenty to see and do in Bahrain, a country which has a rich history dating back 5000 years from the ancient Dilmun period through the Islamic era. The country offers many beautiful and ancient forts which have been meticulously restored and opened to the public.A lack of signs and general promotion by the country's tourist industry sometimes makes finding these sites difficult. Among these is the Bahrain Fort, located roughly two miles (4km) from Manama along the coast of Bahrain, and being one of the largest and most historically significant forts in the country, it has been listed as a World Heritage Site.For something different, why not visit the Jebel Al Dukhan hill, the highest point in Bahrain, named the 'Mountain of Smoke' because of the haze which surrounds it on hot days, to truly experience the beautiful and surreal landscapes of the desert.And while you are in the area, one must surely make a detour to the mysterious Tree of Life, an ancient tree of roughly 400 years standing alone in the desert. These true spectacles of nature, along with the rich culture and history of Bahrain make the nation an intriguing place to visit, with plenty of attractions to keep you busy on your trip to this desert nation.
Located roughly two miles (4km) from Manama along the coast of Bahrain, the archaeological site of Bahrain Fort (Qal'at al-Bahrain) is one of the largest in the country and has been listed as a World Heritage Site. As the capital of the ancient Silmun Civilization, this site represents Bahrain's role as a centre for commerce and cultural exchange. Excavations have revealed the ruins of six cities near the fort, dating as far back as 3000 BC, however only 25 percent of the site has been uncovered. Visitors can see the remains of several necropolises along with city walls, and many copper and ivory artefacts and examples of Barbar pottery. There is also a visitors centre, with displays of ancient life. Tourists can easily dedicate an entire afternoon to the site, which also has a cafe. Be aware that bottles of water are much cheaper at nearby shops, which do not charge tourist prices.
At 439 feet (134m) above sea level, the Jebel Al Dukhan hill is the highest point in Bahrain. Translated from Arabic, Jebel Al Dukhan means 'Mountain of Smoke', named for the haze which often surrounds it on humid days. There are various undetermined caves in the area for visitors to explore. Roughly a mile (2km) away, the Tree of Life stands alone in the desert, its water source a complete mystery. The mesquite tree is said to be around 400 years old, and stands 32 feet (10m) high. There is nothing else nearby to see or do. However, the mysterious tree is a popular sight for tourists in Bahrain.
To experience the true flavours, scents and colours of Manama, a visit to the souks (local markets) are a must. Here, visitors can experience and purchase everything this beautiful country has to offer, from a variety of cloths in different colours and textures to jewellery and local crafts. The best buys include exquisite Persian rugs and natural pearls. The fresh fruit and vegetables, herbs, spices, and nuts available here are also outstanding, though less ideal as souvenirs. The souk is divided into several sections, including the Fareeq el-Hammam and Fareeq el-Hatab, which are home to several famous Matams. Most shops are open from 9am to 1pm and from 4pm to 9pm, and are closed during the day on Fridays. Touts are known for their aggressiveness, and visitors should be prepared to haggle for the best price.
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